People generally, think that keeping marine fish is a tricky task. In some cases this may be true, as saltwater fish needs a bit more time, work and equipments as compared to freshwater fish. There are several marine fish varieties which are easier to handle once you are able to understand the right way of maintaining the saltwater aquarium, and establishing a constant environment.
The Parameters
Marine fish are additional sensitive to variations in their surroundings. The basic parameters for marine fish tank are pH, salinity, nitrite and temperature. At the time of cycling process, nitrate and ammonia can be a problem. For keeping marine fish one should be cautious towards the pH of the water, and it should not fluctuate greater than 0.2 each day. Most of the marine life likes pH ranging in-between 8.0 to 8.4. So, it must never drop below 8.0. Other significant parameters such as nitrites, salinity and temperature, must be around 20 ppm, 1.022 and between 75F to 80F respectively.
The Components
The basic components for keeping marine fish are synthetic sea salts, filters, lighting, decorations and test kits. One of the most critical items for saltwater aquarium is the size of the tank, the bigger the better. Bigger tanks provide more stability and room for mistakes to be rectified; anyway, tanks should never be lower than 20 gallons. Normally, fish enjoy long, wide tanks; the greater surface area assist in better gas exchange. And always use a good substrate such as crushed coral or marine sand.
Setting Up
The first step for keeping marine fish is setting up a tank in the right place and position. Ensure that the stand is equal from all direction; you can normally do this with Styrofoam under the tank. Next, install the filtration, inside the tank or outside, based on the kind of filter. Add substrate after rinsing it with plain water and then arrange the decorations. Now the tank is ready for adding saltwater, this can be done several ways either ready mix the synthetic sea salt with reverse osmosis water or from a purifying unit in the tank or containers but it's advisable to place a plate on the substrate before pouring water into it. Then let the tank become steady for about two days and keep testing before adding live stock.
Aquarium Filtration
Fish kept in tank are confined to a very small amount of water and so contaminants such as scraps of uneaten food or ammonia freed from fish's gills, feces raises the toxic level of the water very soon. Keeping marine fish in such type of a condition is harmful for proper development of the fish. Regular change of water can aid containing contamination, but maybe impractical due to size and frequency of water changes required. The finest way of tackling this problem is by installation the finest aquarium filtration you can afford - be it under gravel filtration or wet/dry filter.
Choosing the Fish
Keeping marine fish are usually more costly than freshwater fish, so it is very vital to get them home alive and maintain their longevity. Never buy a sick fish, always search for a healthy and lively fish in the store, and check, if any irregular patches, spots or wounds on the body. Torn fins aren't a problem, they will heal up soon, but other symptoms may kill the fish or even infect other fish of the aquarium. Experienced aquarists suggest that one should always keep a quarantine tank, particularly for saltwater fish, skilled aquarists suggest that you should always keep a quarantine tank.
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